“Pranes (prison gang leaders), megabandas (large criminal gang organizations with over 50 members), sindicatos (gangs originally connected to powerful labor unions), colectivos (paramilitary groups), the National Liberation Army (ELN), and dissidents of the Revolutionary Armed Forces of Colombia (FARC) all operate in the region” and fight for control of the mines, said the think tank Center for Strategic International Studies (CSIS) in an April 2020 report. But according to international organization InSight Crime, one of the gangs that has grown the most is the R Organization (OR, in Spanish), which has managed to position itself as one of the main powers in the Mining Arc. “Few […] had heard of the OR. Full Text -> Diálogo

Traducción de cortesía -> “Pranes (líderes de pandillas carcelarias), megabandas (grandes organizaciones criminales de pandillas con más de 50 miembros), sindicatos (pandillas originalmente conectadas a poderosos sindicatos), colectivos (grupos paramilitares), el Ejército de Liberación Nacional (ELN) y disidentes del Partido Revolucionario Las Fuerzas Armadas de Colombia (FARC) operan todas en la región” y luchan por el control de las minas, dijo el centro de estudios Estratégicos Internacionales (CSIS) en un informe de abril de 2020. Pero según la organización internacional InSight Crime, una de las bandas que más ha crecido es la Organización R (OR), que ha logrado posicionarse como una de las principales potencias en el Arco Minero. “Pocos […] habían oído hablar del quirófano. Traducción al español -> Google Translación

Residents of Venezuela’s southern Bolívar state are suffering amputations and other horrific abuses at the hands of armed groups, including Venezuelan groups called “syndicates” in the area and Colombian armed groups operating in the region, both of which exercise control over gold mines, Human Rights Watch said today. Full text-> HRW

Mr Guaido called on regional neighbours, the US and European nations to continue to pressure the regime of Nicolas Maduro, which is sheltering Hezbollah. He said that Venezuela’s mineral resources were being used to fund Hezbollah and other terror and criminal groups, in much the same way as ISIS used oil in the Middle East before it was defeated. By Mustafa Alrawi. Full text -> The National